Перевести WALES   Wales is a country of hills and mountains, the highest of which are in Snowdonia in the northwest; the tallest peak is Snowdon. Two-thirds of the population lives in the southern valleys and the lower-lying coastal areas. The chief urban centers are Cardiff, Swansea, Newport and Wrexham. Wales is a principality; prince Charles, the heir to the throne, was invested by the Queen with the title of Prince of Wales at Caernarfon Castle in 1969. Latest figures suggest that about one-fifth of the population speaks Welsh, a language of Celtic origin. Welsh speakers are concentrated in the rural north and west. The Welsh name of the country is Cymru. Welsh has equal validity with English in law courts, bilingual education in schools is encouraged, and there has been an extended use of Welsh for official purposes and broadcasting. The country returns 38 Members of Parliament and there are special arrangements for the discussion on Welsh affairs. For the last 60 years the industrial communities have tended to support the Labour Party in elections, ensuring a Labour majority of seats. The Secretary of State for Wales, who is the member of the Cabinet, has wide-ranging responsibilities relating to the economy, education, welfare services and the provision of amenities. The Headquarters of the administration is the Welsh Office in Cardiff, which also has an office in London. Local government is exercised through a system of elected authorities similar to that in England, and the legal system is identical to the English one. Wales produces about 10 per cent of British opencast coal production, including all of its anthracite. Although Wales still accounts for 31 per cent of British steel production, it is now an important center for electronics, and several new high-technology businesses in related industries have been established. Although south Wales remains the principal industrial area, new industries and firms have been introduced in northeast Wales and light industry attracted to the towns in mid and north Wales rural areas.

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Перевести

WALES

 

Wales is a country of hills and mountains, the highest of which are in Snowdonia in the northwest; the tallest peak is Snowdon. Two-thirds of the population lives in the southern valleys and the lower-lying coastal areas. The chief urban centers are Cardiff, Swansea, Newport and Wrexham. Wales is a principality; prince Charles, the heir to the throne, was invested by the Queen with the title of Prince of Wales at Caernarfon Castle in 1969.

Latest figures suggest that about one-fifth of the population speaks Welsh, a language of Celtic origin. Welsh speakers are concentrated in the rural north and west. The Welsh name of the country is Cymru. Welsh has equal validity with English in law courts, bilingual education in schools is encouraged, and there has been an extended use of Welsh for official purposes and broadcasting.

The country returns 38 Members of Parliament and there are special arrangements for the discussion on Welsh affairs. For the last 60 years the industrial communities have tended to support the Labour Party in elections, ensuring a Labour majority of seats. The Secretary of State for Wales, who is the member of the Cabinet, has wide-ranging responsibilities relating to the economy, education, welfare services and the provision of amenities. The Headquarters of the administration is the Welsh Office in Cardiff, which also has an office in London. Local government is exercised through a system of elected authorities similar to that in England, and the legal system is identical to the English one.

Wales produces about 10 per cent of British opencast coal production, including all of its anthracite. Although Wales still accounts for 31 per cent of British steel production, it is now an important center for electronics, and several new high-technology businesses in related industries have been established. Although south Wales remains the principal industrial area, new industries and firms have been introduced in northeast Wales and light industry attracted to the towns in mid and north Wales rural areas.

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Уэльс – страна холмов и гор, самая высокая из которых находится в Сноудонии на северо-западе; высокий пик Сноудон. Две трети населения проживают в южной долине и нижележащих прибрежных районах. Главные городские центры –  Кардифф, Суонси, Ньюпорт и Wrexham. Уэльс – это княжество; принц Чарльз, наследник престола, получил его от Королевы вместе  с титулом принца Уэльского в замке Кернарфон в 1969 году.

Последние данные показывают, что около одной пятой населения говорит на валлийском диалекте,языке кельтов.Говорящие по-валлийски сосредоточены в сельских районах севера и запада. Валлийское название страны –  Cymru. Уэльский диалект имеет равную силу с английским языком в судах, в школах тоже поощряется двуязычное образование, но он не получил широкого использования в служебных целях и вещании.

Страна возвращает 38 членов парламента, и поэтому существуют специальные механизмы для обсуждения дел на валлийском. Последние 60 лет рабочие поселки, как правило, осуществляют поддержку лейбористской партии на выборах, что обеспечивает им большинство мест в парламенте. Государственный секретарь по Уэльсу, который является членом кабинета министров, имеет широкий круг обязанностей, связанных с экономикой, образованием, социальным обеспечением и благоустройством. Штаб-квартирой администрации является валлийский офис в Кардиффе, они также имеют офис в Лондоне. Местное самоуправление осуществляется через систему выборных органов власти – так же, как в Англии, и правовая система идентична на английском языке.

Уэльс производит около 10 процентов британского производства угольного разреза, в том числе все его антрациты. Хотя на Уэльс по-прежнему приходится 31 процент от британского производства стали, в настоящее время он становится важным центром для электроники, а также там были созданы несколько новых высокотехнологичных предприятий в смежных отраслях. Хотя юг Уэльса остается основным промышленным районом, новые отрасли и фирмы были введены на северо-востоке Уэльса, а легкую промышленность привлекли в города и сельскую местность в средней части  и на севере Уэльса.

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